Localización de fallas por ondas viajeras para redes de transmisión basado en un modelo de árbol dirigido y ajuste lineal

Abstract

Electrical disturbances or failures in the transmission lines of large power systems represent a major problem, since they do not always depend on human factors. Most of these occurrences are caused by the environmental conditions to which these large power transmission lines are exposed, generating temporary and/or permanent interruptions or disconnections in the power supply. Therefore, it is a priority to locate and manage these failures quickly and effectively. Likewise, this article proposes a technique with the objective of locating faults based on a traveling wave analysis model, applied immediately after the occurrence of a fault in a transmission line. The methodology includes a directed tree model and a linear adjustment, designed to reduce certain errors associated with the calculation of the time and distance of the fault on the line. The development of the methodology is performed on an IEEE 6 busbar system, composed with different types of lines, allowing to evaluate the advantages, limitations and critical aspects of the proposed methodology. Among other aspects to be considered for accurate results of the fault distance, the calculation of the propagation velocity, the choice of the calculation mode and specific characteristics of each line are highlighted.