Competitividad exportaciones ecuatorianas: brócoli congelado frente a exportaciones mexicanas hacia Estados Unidos de Norte América, periodo de 2018-2022

Abstract

Broccoli is a vegetable from the cruciferous family, recognized as a superfood for its high nutritional value. Currently, it has established itself as one of the main products of international trade in the Ecuadorian agricultural sector. Its production contributes 2.3 % to agricultural exports and generates employment for 16,231 people. The problem is that despite the importance that the export of broccoli has taken on in recent years, there are some challenges and factors that condition its competitiveness and its participation in the US market, which is one of the countries that imports this product the most. On the other hand, in recent years in the Latin American region, Mexico has found itself in a prominent position internationally as a potential marketer of this product, which is why this research aims to analyze the competitiveness of this product between Ecuadorian and Ecuadorian exports. Mexican companies during the period 2018 - 2022. For this, a mixed approach study was carried out, which allowed obtaining a comparison of the competitiveness of Ecuador with respect to Mexico through information obtained from the Central Bank of Ecuador (BCE) and reports from the departments of commerce of the United States and Mexico. This procedure allowed us to determine that the competitiveness of Ecuadorian broccoli reflects a combination of challenges and opportunities, although there are factors that are difficult to overcome, such as the geographical proximity of Mexico to the United States, which gives it an advantage in terms of transportation costs and times, delivery, there are challenges that Ecuador can improve, taking advantage of these opportunities would allow the country to mitigate the inevitable disadvantages and strengthen its position in the US market, strengthening its long-term competitiveness.