Diseño de una órtesis de soporte para la rodilla en pacientes con problemas de movilidad parcial y debilitamiento de extremidades inferiores luego de un evento cerebrovascular

Abstract

Cerebrovascular events (CVD) are one of the main causes of disability in patients who suffer from them, and among the most common sequelae are partial or total loss of mobility and weakening of the lower limbs. These limitations significantly affect the patient's ability to perform everyday activities such as walking or standing without assistance, often requiring support from family members or external restraint devices. This study focused on the design of a personalized knee orthosis for patients who have suffered a cerebrovascular event (CVD), for its development, a methodological approach was adopted based on a comprehensive literature review, analyzing relevant studies published between 2020 and 2024 on orthosis design, post-CVD biomechanics, and innovative orthopedic devices. This review facilitated the construction of a solid theoretical framework and provided a scientific basis for designing a device that would optimize the stability and mobility of patients. The preliminary design of the orthosis was developed considering complex biomechanical aspects, such as flexion and extension movements of the knee, the study ensured that the orthosis was anatomically adjusted to the knee.