Prototipo de simulación de actividad cardíaca operado mediante interfaz gráfica con enfoque académico en la carrera de biomedicina Sede Guayaquil

Abstract

The present thesis focuses on the design and implementation of a cardiac activity simulation prototype operated through a graphical interface with an academic emphasis. This study addresses the need to enhance the knowledge required by Biomedical Engineering students to advance their academic and professional skills, particularly regarding the physiological parameters of the human body and their relationship with the operation of biomedical equipment. In the initial phase, a detailed analysis of the heart's anatomy and physiology is conducted, emphasizing studying its electrical activity and representation through electrocardiograms (ECG). Furthermore, various cardiac pathologies are examined, along with their impact on the variation of waves, intervals, and segments within ECG signals. Subsequently, an integrated system is developed that captures and analyzes electrocardiographic signals, converting them into data vectors that, in turn, control servomotors replicating the heart's movement and activity in an electromechanical model, thus achieving a more realistic simulation. For real-time interactive visualization, a graphical interface is implemented, facilitating learning and experimentation in a controlled environment, providing a deep understanding of the heart's bioelectrical signals and their interpretation in the context of biomedical equipment operation. The resulting prototype is an operational tool with significant potential as an educational resource. Additionally, its economic feasibility makes it a practical solution that effectively integrates knowledge of electronics and cardiac health into a single project.