Factores de riesgo de depresión en adultos de entre 27 y 50 años en una comunidad del sur de Quito durante el año 2024.

Abstract

The study aimed to understand how various environmental, cultural, and personal factors influenced the prevalence of this psychological disorder. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining quantitative and qualitative methods to collect and analyze data. A structured questionnaire was developed to gather demographic, social, and mental health information, alongside semi-structured interviews that delved into participants' perceptions and experiences. Direct observation in the community was also conducted to capture aspects of daily life and relevant environmental factors. Validated psychometric tests, such as the Beck Depression Inventory and CES-D-R, were used to assess the presence and severity of depressive symptoms. Findings indicated that most participants did not exhibit significant signs of sadness, though a considerable group reported mild depression, more prevalent among women (12%) than men (8%). Psychosocial risk factors, such as perceived threat and lack of social protection, were identified as associated with higher levels of discouragement. These findings underscore the importance of strengthening social support resources and creating secure environments within the studied community. Addressing gender disparities in vulnerability to mild depression was also highlighted, suggesting key areas for tailored mental health interventions and policies. This study laid a solid foundation for future research and strategies aimed at enhancing emotional well-being among adults in similar communities.