Impacto del estigma como barrera significativa para el acceso a servicios de salud mental, en una comunidad ubicada al sur del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito, 2024

Abstract

The present research addresses the impact of stigma as a barrier to accessing mental health services in a community in the southern part of the Metropolitan District of Quito in 2024. The study employs a quantitative and descriptive methodology, using the Community Attitudes toward the Mentally Ill (CAMI) Questionnaire to collect data from 54 individuals. The research examines three main variables: stereotypes and prejudices, discriminatory attitudes and behaviors, and psychosocial repercussions. The results reveal a network of attitudes toward people with mental illnesses. There is a general trend toward more inclusive and supportive attitudes, but some stigmatizing beliefs and ambivalences persist. Key findings include strong opposition to the social exclusion of individuals with mental illnesses, but also concerns about the location of mental health services in residential areas. There is general support for the community integration of people with mental illnesses, although doubts about their capabilities and potential dangerousness persist. The study concludes that, although there have been advances in reducing some stereotypes, stigma remains a significant barrier to accessing mental health services. Psychosocial repercussions include possible social isolation, limitations in job opportunities, and challenges in full community integration. It is recommended to continue educational and awareness efforts to address remaining stigmatizing attitudes and implement strategies that promote understanding, empathy, and acceptance in the community. The study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach to reduce stigma and improve access to mental health services.