Diseño y construcción de un equipo mecánico de extracción de pigmentos vegetales para tinturado de fibra de cabuya

Abstract

The purpose of this research is the design and construction of a mechanical device to extract vegetable pigments for cabuya fibers through a crushing and screening system. The study will govern with a conceptual approach on plant pigments, mordants and natural fibers, as well as with a historical review of the processes involved in this activity, therefore, viable alternatives for the manufacture of mechanical extraction equipment are identified. natural pigments, taking into account that the places where crafts are made do not have an energy system and adequate water pressure for proper functioning. For this reason, it is necessary to design mechanical equipment that satisfies the needs of artisans when obtaining pigments, used when dyeing cabuya fibers to make crafts. Likewise, a test process was taken into account in which natural pigments were obtained based on: beets, carrots, turmeric and various natural products that have these dyeing properties capable of providing a color tone necessary when dyeing the cabuya, as well as the different previous processes that must be carried out such as: washing the rod, pigmenting, drying, and increasing the mordants that allow the paint to remain on the rod, taking into account that the ratio used must be 2: 1, (water/beet). Likewise, it was evident that the project is profitable since a NPV of 194.88 and an IRR of 20% were defined.