Aislamiento de bacteriófagos inhibidores del crecimiento de listeria SSP. con resistencia antimicrobiana

Abstract

In Ecuador in 2019, 19,500 cases of foodborne diseases were reported, considering this as a public health problem. These diseases are generally caused by the presence of pathogenic bacteria. Listeria is a bacterial gender that has the ability to colonize different environments, even managing to colonize processed foods. This bacterium is the cause of a disease called listeriosis, which has a high mortality and morbidity rate. Currently, to treat diseases caused by said bacteria, antibiotics such as penicillin, erythromycin, meropemen, among others, are used, however, due to the multiresistance generated by this bacterium, it is necessary to look for new alternatives such as phage therapy, for therapeutic purposes and also used in the food industry as a biological control of this bacterium. The objective of this study was to isolate bacteriophages that inhibit the growth of antibiotic-resistant Listeria spp. Water samples were collected from the Machángara River, which due to the high presence of contamination is an optimal environment for the development of bacteriophages. They were isolated using the double layer assay, later the lytic capacity of the bacteriophages obtained was evaluated and concentrated to have a greater quantity of plaqueforming units (UFP), finally they were stored for their conservation. Bacteriophages were obtained that inhibit the growth of three species: Listeria ivanovii, Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria welshimeri, and that due to their broad lytic spectrum inhibit other enterobacteria