Caracterización físico-química, funcional y actividad antioxidante de diecisiete frutos comercializados en mercados locales de la amazonía ecuatoriana.

Abstract

The present study determined the physicochemical and functional characteristics and antioxidant activity of seventeen fruits sold in local markets in the Ecuadorian Amazon. For this purpose, Oenocarpus bataua Mart. (ungurahua), Dacryodes peruviana (Loes.) H. J. Lam (copal), Mauritia flexuosa L.f. (black moriche), Pourouma cecropiifolia Mart. (mountain grape), Salacca zalacca (Gaerth.) Voss (salak), Chrysophyllum cainito L. (yellow caimito), Bactris gasipaes Kunth (orange chonta), Pouteria sapota (Jacq.) H.E. Moore & Stearn (mamey), Eugenia stipitata McVaugh (arazá), Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. (chayote), Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston (yellow pomarrosa), Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & Perry (red pomarrosa), Sicana odorifera (Vell.) Naudin (pumpkin), Passiflora quadrangularis L. (passion fruit badea), Lacmellea lactescens (Kuhlm.) Markgr (chicle), Bactris concinna Mart. (chonta grape) and Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal (cocona). Weight, equatorial and longitudinal diameter, color, soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, moisture and ash were evaluated, as well as carotenoids, phenolic compounds, vitamin C and organic acids by liquid chromatography (RRLC) and antioxidant activity. The fruits that reported the highest values were: soluble solids mamey (28,57 %); pH chayote (8,24); % titratable acidity chicle (0,31); ash copal (7,57 %); humidity uva de monte (98,58 %); in 100 g PS was obtained in total carotenoids pumpkin 3157 mg; vitamin C in mamey 56,6 mg; total phenolic compounds in uva de monte 1158,8 mg; organic acids in arazá 29,8 mg; and antioxidant activity in uva de monte (161,42 Eq Trolox µmol/g). Thus, concluding that the fruits studied could benefit human health.