Identificación de hongos con potencial biocontrolador de Colletotrichum sp., en cultivo de tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum), en la provincia de Tungurahua.

Abstract

The present work is based on the use of microorganisms with biocontrolling capacity for Colletotrichum sp; in order to reduce the use of agrochemicals and thus reduce environmental pollution and health problems that these produce to humans when they come into contact with them. Colletotrichum sp is a fungus that causes affectations in the tree tomato and that produces total losses of the crop if it is not controlled in time. For the development of this research, samples were collected from three places in the province of Tungurahua which were taken to the laboratory of the Salesian Polytechnic University to proceed with the methodology of isolation, purification, macro and microscopic identification respectively, in addition to the molecular identification of efficient strains. Tests were carried out to determine the percentage of radial growth inhibition (PICR) and the Bell scale, where the strains with the highest inhibitory percentage of class 2 of the Bell scale were the Trichodermas strains: S3-3, S3-4 , S1-2 determining that they were the most suitable strains to combat Colletotrichum sp and of which biopreparations were made with different substrates by means of a liquid-solid biphasic culture, with the result that the best substrate is the corn leaf with the strain S1-2 since it presents a viability of 91,08 %, being suitable for use in the field. The objective of this study as to identify fungi with biocontroller potential of Colletotrichum sp., In tree tomato (Solanum betaceum) cultivation.