Análisis de las propiedades mecánicas de la especie forestal amazónica Yuyún (terminalia oblonga), y su idoneidad como material estructural de acuerdo a la norma ecuatoriana de la construcción

Abstract

Ecuador does not have a reliable database of mechanical properties for endemic species, which could expand the range of timber species and their utilization as an alternative to those already known. For this reason, the objective of this research was to determine the mechanical properties of flexural perpendicular to the grain (fm), compressive parallel to the grain (fc(p)), compressive perpendicular to the grain (fc(t)), tensile parallel to the grain (ft) and shear parallel to the grain (fv) of the Amazon Forest species Yuyún. Applying the NEC-SE-MD regulations to establish comparatively through its mechanical properties the suitability for use in civil construction of this wood. For this, a sampling of trees was carried out through zoning in the Tena Canton, with crop information. Likewise, test pieces were prepared to determine the aforementioned mechanical properties, through laboratory tests based on the ASTM D 143 standard. The results were adjusted to 12% moisture content and reduced to allowable stresses. The strength properties mechanical were classified based on allowable stresses as follows: flexural strength (fm) with 21.71 MPa in Group A, compressive strength parallel to the grain (fc(p)) with 16.20 MPa in Group A, tensile strength parallel to the grain (ft) with 10.94 MPa in Group B, compressive strength perpendicular to the grain (fc(t)) with 6.22 MPa in Group A, and shear strength parallel to the grain (fv) with 5.47 MPa in Group A. Therefore, the Yuyún wood species belongs to Group B with intermediate strength, semi-hard workability, and good quality according to the Ecuadorian building regulations, specifically for wooden structures.