Diseño y simulación estática de una máquina termoformadora al vacío para el Laboratorio de procesos de transformación de materiales de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana

Abstract

The design and simulation of a thermoforming machine for the mechanical forming laboratory of the Salesian Polytechnic University, necessary for the study of thermoforming processes, was carried out through the analysis of the systems that make up the thermoforming machine, validating the results obtained with simulations. computational. For this, a selection of alternatives of the different components was made for the electrical operation of all the elements such as pneumatic pedal, emergency stop and button panels, electrical resistances; the type of heating system if it would be gas, radiation or resistance; the type of material to be used in the structure such as steel, aluminum, steel alloys and the forming system to be implemented by vacuum, mechanical or gravity. Structurally, a calculated Von Mises stress of 13.93 ∗ 106N/m2 was obtained with an error of 0.28% compared to the simulated value and a safety factor of 15, having a wide margin, the construction of this structure being safer, thermally a calculated sheet temperature of 140 °C with a margin of error of 2.14% compared to the simulated, the power of the vacuum pump of 2.12 Watts was obtained pneumatically, however it is necessary to take a higher power considering that of 10 W. finally, when carrying out an analysis of the electrical system of the machine, gave us the temperatures of the sheet at 140 °C, the suction time of the pump. Finally, the simulations showed us data from the different designs with a margin of error of less than 5% evaluated in Ansys, Fluidsim, Proteus and Arduino IDE, evidencing the validity of the calculated data.