Determinación de la afectación de los suelos colindantes a plantaciones de eucalipto (Eucalyptus globulus) y pino (Pinus radiata) mediante el análisis de los parámetros físicos, químicos y biológicos del suelo en la Comunidad de Pesillo, cantón Cayambe.

Abstract

The main objective of this study was to determine the impact of soils adjacent to eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) and pine (Pinus radiata) plantations by analyzing the physical, chemical and biological parameters of the soil in the community of Pesillo, Cayambe canton. A descriptive survey of the location and coverage of land use and natural vegetation cover in the study area was carried out. The use and natural vegetation cover for each type of study and its respective surface to observe the physical, chemical and biological changes that each zone presents in a soil analysis. The impact of soils adjacent to Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) and Pine (Pinus radiata) plantations was determined by analyzing the physical, chemical and biological parameters of the soil in the community of Pesillo, Cantón Cayambe. The results of the laboratory analysis showed that the soil is a sandy loam soil with a moderate organic matter content, which is a good indicator of soil fertility. The results of the analysis of variance showed that there were no significant differences in soil physicochemical parameters between the study areas. The abundance and diversity of macroinvertebrates were found to be homogeneous in the different study zones, however, the results of the analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in the abundance and diversity of macroinvertebrates among the study zones. It was evident that the most abundant macroinvertebrate class is the insect class. Thus, concluding that the establishment of eucalyptus and pine plantations in the country has generated a series of environmental problems, especially in natural ecosystems.