Las conductas de riesgo, el riesgo de suicidio y su relación con las características sociodemográficas de adolescentes de 8avo, 9no y 10mo de educación general básica de unidades educativas municipales del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito.

Abstract

Suicide is considered a public health problem, and in adolescents this phenomenon is of concern as it is a critical stage of development. The objective of this research is to determine the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, risk behaviors and the risk of suicide in adolescents from eighth to tenth of Basic General Education of Municipal Educational Units. The work is approached from the framework of risk and protection factors. Adolescent suicide is considered as a current problem in the field of health and that happens constantly, so it needs to be addressed. The methodology used is quantitative, with a correlational scope and a non-experimental cross-sectional design. The sample was intentionally non-probabilistic, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, giving a total of 804 participating students. The Spanish version of the Rapid Assessment for Adolescent Preventive Services (RAAPS) questionnaire was applied, as well as a sociodemographic survey. The results indicate that the tenth level of schooling is the age group with the highest risk of eating behavior problems, lack of self-care, consumption of psychoactive substances and risky sexual behaviors; while there is a greater risk for women around eating behaviors, being a victim of violence and emotional problems and risk of suicide. It is concluded that it is essential to have an early detection of risk factors in adolescents in order to carry out a timely psychosocial intervention.