La responsabilidad del profesional de salud mental como corregulador de la excitación en la interacción con pacientes mediante sus pautas somáticas

Abstract

: The aim is to understand the interaction between mental health professionals and patients from social, psychological and neurophysiological perspectives. People with mental disorders have experienced trauma and insecure attachment, as a result of which their ANS tends toward maladaptive arousal. An attempt is made to discover the potential co-regulatory impact of vocalizations, looks, and facial expressions in order to consider the intentional and conscious use of such somatic patterns as an ethical responsibility of health providers. Qualitative research, with a descriptive scope. For the collection of information, 173 scientific documents were selected. They were submitted to review and documentary analysis until 69 sources were selected. The interaction between health professional and patient is considered from the theory of communication as a phenomenon affected by social status and roles, in which the presence of stigma is evident. Autonomic arousal is a component of the emotion process; in pathological situations it oscillates in peaks of hyper or hypoactivation and self-regulation is difficult. The polyvagal theory proposes three autonomic states: mobilization (fight-flight), immobilization (disconnection) and social connection. The latter allows the establishment of links and homeostasis. It is only accessed when the individual neurocepts security in non-verbal behaviors that promote trust, collaboration, and play.