Desarrollo de una herramienta computacional para el estudio del comportamiento de los electrodos de puesta a tierra frente a altas frecuencias aplicado a descargas atmosféricas

Abstract

The present work consists of the study of the grounding behavior against high frequencies applied to atmospheric discharges. Therefore, a theoretical investigation of the important aspects of the grounding system, ground, electrodes and the hybrid model formed by the combination of circuit theory and electromagnetic field is carried out. In addition, the M and C type languages are used through the Matlab computational tool to develop the hybrid model and be able to determine the impedance of the electrodes of the mesh to ground as a function of frequency. In the second instance, the model is validated with the base soil parameters (𝜇𝑟 = 1, ε𝑟 = 9, ρ = 1000 [Ωm]) and the square mesh (r = 7 [mm], h = 0.5[m], n = 10 [m]) of 10, 20, 30, 60 and 120 square meters defined by Messrs. Grcev and Heimbach. Therefore, several simulations are carried out altering the mentioned soil parameters and the diameter of the electrode conductor to observe that the magnitude of the impedance of the mesh represents changes less than 30 ohms when the relative permittivity or the diameter of the conductor is manipulated. When the soil resistivity value is altered between 100 and 1500 [Ωm], the impedance does not exceed 100 [Ω]; However, if ferromagnetic materials are present, the magnitude of the impedance changes drastically, which can deteriorate the mesh. Therefore, these considerations must be taken into account to observe the performance of the ground connection.