Estado del arte actual con respecto al Bitcoin, ¿qué es? y ¿cómo funciona?

Abstract

This paper will determine the state of the art of the most outstanding cryptocurrency in recent years, the Bitcoin. The analysis takes into account studies focused on topics such as the origin and components of Bitcoin, the technology used, current status, etc. This topic's analysis provides an overview of how this cryptocurrency is constituted, focusing attention on the technological field and at the end exposing a review of the evolution it has had since its creation. The systematic mapping study methodology, which is implemented in this article, helps to select the information found on the Internet, supported by the content curation technique. From the results it is concluded that Bitcoin supports its position as the most recognized digital currency thanks to the technology that composes it, from six essential points that Nakamoto considered for its creation, to the functions that each element fulfills to guarantee the integrity in each of the transactions.