Evaluación de la calidad del aire mediante el uso de sensores de bajo costo de material particulado 2,5, ubicados alrededor de dos estaciones de la red de monitoreo atmosférico del DMQ

Abstract

The objective of this research work is to use low-cost sensors to measure particulate matter (PM2.5) around two stations of the Metropolitan Atmospheric Monitoring Network (REMMAQ) and at the same time compare them with the values that these stations give daily, the PM2, 5 is one of the pollutants that frequently exceeds the maximum allowable values, and according to the air quality indices that are available on the Web, it is the pollutant that generally leads the rating of ICA as moderate or unhealthy worldwide. The importance of this pollutant is that in its composition it contains “elements that are composed of elements that are toxic such as heavy metals and organic compounds that produce cancer” (Parra, 2010, pp.3). In addition, PM2.5 is one of those responsible for the exacerbation of climate change. The purpose of this work is also to determine the level of representativeness and scope of the measurements recorded by two REMMAQ stations that were chosen for the study: Camal Metropolitano and Tumbaco stations, for this, 4 SENSIRION SPS30 sensors for PM2.5 were placed near of the two stations studied. In view of the fact that the values recorded by the stations were far from the values obtained by the sensors used, and assuming that the data from the stations are real, the mean square errors of the measurements made with the sensors were determined, in addition to an ANOVA and Tukey test between the measurements of the stations and sensors, and between sensors, appreciating that there are marked statistical differences between the measurements obtained by the sensors and the measurements obtained by the monitoring stations, it was also determined that the distance is a preponderant factor in define these differences, since around the Camal Metropolitano station the sensors were located at a greater distance than 2 sensors placed at the Tumbaco station, and the first station it was determined that there were significant differences in values recorded between sensors and the station In addition, it was determined that the relative humidity and temperature are respectively, inversely and directly proportional with respect to the concentration PM2.5.