Análisis de la función del texto escolar en el desarrollo de las clases de Ciencias Naturales de cuarto año de Educación General Básica en una escuela de Quito

Abstract

This work is research that aims to analyze the role of the school text in the development of Natural Sciences classes, bearing in mind that this is a support resource for the teaching-learning process. However, in the 4th year Natural Sciences Basic Education classes of a private school north of Quito, several facts were distinguished contrary to what the theory mentions about the school text. In this case the teacher depends on this resource, taking the topics, contents, activities and evaluations proposed by the book of the Ministry of Education's Book of Natural Sciences “Talento en ciencias”, EDINUN publisher to address the class. To achieve the research objective, this study was guided by a mixed approach. The data was collected with the help of instruments such as: observation sheets, field journal and an interview. From the analysis as results it was identified that the school text is given the wrong function, as, in several cases, this material serves the function of planning. This contrasts with what is mentioned in the Institutional Educational Project, where it is suggested to use active methodologies, however, this resource is the one that determines what should be taught, how and when to teach it, and also how and what content to evaluate. In this way, this research aims to make an analysis through upcoming studies, an in-depth analysis of the teacher's practice against the use of school text is carried out.