Análisis climático y de cambio climático en el Distrito Metropolitano de Quito

Abstract

The main aim of this research was to determine the climatology of the Metropolitan District of Quito and to find, through the use of the indexes recommended by the IPCC possible evidence of climate change, on specific seasons. For which data were taken from 7 weather stations, from the following variables; precipitation, temperature, humidity, pressure, speed and wind direction. Four REMMAQ stations with a total of 872,208 data, from 2004 to May 2020. As well as three belonging to INAMHI with a total of 5,5884 data, from 1965 to 2019.There are few specific climate analyses covering the variables mentioned in the DMQ, so this research is aimed at being a pillar for the creation of adaptation models that can be applied in the city. The data obtained was transformed into uniform formats with scripts in Python and RStudio. A year on-year, seasonal and day cycle climate analysis is shown for variables in atmospheric temperature, barometric pressure, precipitation, relative humidity, wind speed and direction. In addition, an analysis of the climate change rates recommended by the IPCC was carried out, the results of which show the difference between urban and rural stations, which also shows the urban heat island effect and the presence of climate change in terms of the results of maximum monthly daily minimum temperature value (TNx) and minimum monthly daily temperature value (TNn) , showing warming in Iñaquito with statistical significances of 90% certainty for 14 of the 22 climate change rates recommended by the IPCC. 12 of the 22 were introduced in Izobamba. However, in La Tola only 2 of the 22 indexes are significant, this result is partly due to a cold and dry period recorded from 2005 to 2009, after which even faster warming is evident.