Diseño de hormigones ligeros con diferentes materiales locales y análisis comparativo con un hormigón ordinario.

Abstract

The present investigation discloses, mainly, the characterization and properties of the selected light aggregates, in this case, expanded clay and pumice stone; likewise, it establishes a design method for its dosage under the application of corresponding ACI standards. In the characterization of the light aggregates, specifically in the determination of the specific weight, several tests were carried out to obtain, as a recommendation, a stable procedure with optimal results, due to the buoyancy of the aggregates selected for their low densities. During the experimental process the proportions of the materials were varied and two additives were used, one incorporating air and another, superplasticizer. These allowed to improve the conditions of density and resistance to compression of concrete. Tests of fresh concrete such as settlement, temperature, density, air content and manufacture of cylindrical specimens were made within 15 minutes after obtaining the sample. The curing of the cylinders was carried out in two stages (one initial under normal conditions and one final with controlled alkaline pH.) In addition, compression tests were carried out at ages of 1, 7 and 28 days, reaching resistance at 22 days, 22 MPa, 21 MPa and 39 MPa for shaped concretes of aricilla, pumice stone and gravel, respectively. Finally, the buoyancy of some lightweight concrete specimens was checked qualitatively.