Reconfiguración óptima de redes de distribución eléctrica para la reducción de pérdidas de potencia activas mediante el algoritmo de luciérnagas FA y su comparación con el algoritmo genético GA

Abstract

Electrical distribution networks present active power losses due to their radial configuration and the constant increase in demand, which affects the quality and efficiency of the electrical supply. With this precedent, the objective of this study was to evaluate the optimal reconfiguration of the distribution network to reduce these losses using the Firefly algorithm (FA) and comparing it with the Genetic algorithm (GA). An IEEE 30-Bus system was used, implementing both algorithms in the MATLAB 2024a environment for the optimization process and using the DIgSILENT PowerFactory 2022 Software to validate the voltage profiles, taking into account the operational restrictions of the system. It was evident that both methods lead to better network performance; However, algorithm (FA) achieved a greater reduction in active power loss, a smoother voltage profile, and provided more stable convergence compared to algorithm (GA). For this reason, optimal reconfiguration through (FA) is established as a reliable and efficient alternative to improve the performance of energy distribution networks without requiring changes to the existing infrastructure.