Diseño hidráulico contra incendios para una industria plástica, Guayaquil km 10.5 Vía a Daule

Abstract

This research proposes the comprehensive design of a fire protection hydraulic system for the TRILEX Commercial Plant, located 10.5 kilometers on the Daule highway, aimed at mitigating the risks associated with the transformation and storage of polymers and other flammable materials. The background section presents previous studies and audits conducted in plastic industry facilities, which have revealed deficiencies in hydraulic coverage, insufficient flow rates at critical points, and a lack of technical documentation to support the safe operation of fire protection systems. The main objective is to develop and validate a hydraulic design based on applicable technical criteria that ensures the required flow rates and pressures, optimizes the selection of pumps and piping, and establishes verification, commissioning, and maintenance procedures. The design includes a calculation report, executive plans, equipment specifications, and a document management plan for approval and operation. Using a quantitative approach and analytical, deductive, and modeling methods, the study calculated flow demands per design area, friction and local losses, total dynamic head, and required pump power. Hazen-Williams and Darcy-Weisbach formulas were applied for technical comparison, and hydraulic simulations were conducted to verify residual pressure t the most remote hose cabinet relative to the pump room and the performance of the selected pump curve. The results show that the proposed topology (a loop with strategic branches) provides redundancy and maintains adequate pressure under critical scenarios; the selection of pumps and pipe diameters meets the defined operational margins. In conclusion, the proposed design meets the technical requirements necessary to reduce fire vulnerability at the plant, facilitates phased implementation, and establishes a solid documentation base for approval by competent authorities. It is recommended to proceed with on-site validation through hydrostatic and flow tests, and to adopt a preventive maintenance program and compliance records to ensure continuous system operability.