Análisis del riesgo crediticio de los créditos de consumo en las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito, segmento 1 y 2, ubicados en las parroquias de Guamaní y Quitumbe, periodo 2023-2024

Abstract

The objective of this research was to analyze the credit risk of consumer loans in the Savings and Credit Cooperatives (COAC) of segments 1 and 2 located in the parishes of Guamaní and Quitumbe during the period 2023-2024, focusing on credit methodology and collections management. The research used an exploratory and descriptive approach, using surveys to obtain primary information on the perceptions of the managers of these institutions regarding delinquency, profitability and efficiency in credit management. The sample consisted of 30 COACs, selected from a population of 33, applying a quantitative method to obtain data to understand the dynamics of credit risk. This study demonstrated that credit concentration influences financial performance, with 60% of respondents stating that a lack of diversification increases the risk of default and reduces profitability. Regarding technological modernization, 53% maintain that automation has significantly optimized the monitoring of delinquency, while 43% point to staff resistance to change as the biggest barrier to successful implementation. In relation to risk assessment, it was established that job stability, at 43%, is the most significant factor; however, the lack of guarantees means that 83% of these loans have a delinquency rate of more than 16%. It was determined that, although there are operational technological systems, risk management is vulnerable due to the high concentration of the portfolio and deficiencies in the technical training of the team. It is suggested that constant monitoring be improved and financing sources be diversified to reduce the effect of the delinquent portfolio.