La inteligencia artificial como motor de productividad en las pymes ecuatorianas

Abstract

This research article addresses an apparent contradiction in artificial intelligence, which is emerging as a resource with the capacity to improve procedures in Ecuadorian SMEs. Despite representing essential pillars within the country's economic environment, these organizations face structural limitations, including technological, economic, and training gaps that hinder their digital transformation. The study implements a mixed methodology based on both quantitative and qualitative techniques, interviews, and structured observation, applied to 184 SMEs in the canton of Samborondón. The results show a growing willingness to adopt AI, especially in areas such as customer service, predictive analytics, and digital marketing. Critical barriers were also identified, such as a shortage of specialized skills, high initial costs, and the absence of specific public policies. Statistical tests (Chi-square, Spearman, and Friedman) confirmed significant relationships between AI use and productivity. Similarly, the documentary analysis of public policies reveals weak institutional coordination. In conclusion, the effective incorporation of AI in SMEs requires a multisectoral support ecosystem that combines financial incentives, specialized training, and regulations that promote technological equity. If these factors are not addressed, there is a risk of widening structural inequalities between companies based on their location or size.