Disminución de armónicos de voltaje en el alimentador 1500080T03 de la subestación 8 usando campaña de medidas para el diseño de un filtro activo que permita mejorar la calidad de energía en la Empresa eléctrica Riobamba S.A.

Abstract

The study aims to improve the quality of electrical power at Empresa Eléctrica Riobamba S.A. (EERSA) by reducing voltage harmonics, which are undesirable components in Power Electrical Systems (PES) that affect the system's reliability, safety, and efficiency. The research focuses on designing an active power filter (APF) using CYMDIST software to model and simulate the electrical distribution network. Through simulations in MATLAB/Simulink, the performance of the APF in reducing harmonics was evaluated by analyzing different nodes of the distribution network under various load scenarios and types of luminaires (LED and HPS). Using the P-Q methodology, active and reactive power were calculated, and specific filters were designed to compensate for the identified harmonics. The results showed a significant reduction in Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) following the implementation of the APF, highlighting a reduction in one of the analyzed nodes from 9.48% to 1.51%. Simulations demonstrated that the use of LED luminaires, compared to High-Pressure Sodium (HPS) luminaires, significantly improves energy efficiency and reduces harmonic levels in the network. The implementation of APFs based on the P-Q methodology is effective in meeting IEEE STD 519-2014 standards for harmonic reduction. LED luminaires not only comply with energy quality standards but also offer additional benefits in terms of energy efficiency and lighting quality. This approach will allow EERSA to enhance the quality of electrical supply, reduce energy losses, and improve system reliability.