Optimización del tratamiento de aguas residuales de una industria corrugadora

Abstract

The study focused on optimizing wastewater treatment in a corrugated cardboard industry in Ecuador. The main objective was to reduce pollution to comply with environmental regulations and protect the Estero Salado, a body of water affected by industrial discharges. A quantitative, experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate technical alternatives. The plant's wastewater was analyzed, and treatability tests were performed using coagulants and flocculants like aluminum sulfate and lime to determine the most effective dosage. The results showed a high treatment efficiency, achieving up to a 99% reduction in turbidity, color, and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The process also neutralized the pH and increased dissolved oxygen, meeting the limits set by Ministerial Agreement 097-A. Although there was an increase in electrical conductivity, the final values remained within acceptable parameters. In conclusion, the proposed treatment system—which includes pretreatment, coagulation-flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection—is a viable, responsible, and economically favorable solution. This system not only contributes to environmental sustainability but also opens up the possibility of reusing the treated water in the industry's own processes.