Prototipo de sistema de riego automatizado con control de humedad por histéresis y monitoreo IOT para la reducción del recurso hídrico

Abstract

This proyect presents the design and implementation of an automatic irrigation system based on hysteresis control and IoT monitoring to optimize water resource usage. The system is developed using a Raspberry Pi and integrates soil moisture sensors and 12V solenoid valves to manage irrigation across three cultivation areas: mint, celery, and basil. The hysteresis control algorithm ensures efficient water distribution by activating irrigation when soil moisture falls below a critical threshold and deactivating it once optimal moisture levels are restored. Each cultivation area is equipped with a moisture sensor and a solenoid valve that opens only when irrigation is necessary, thus reducing unnecessary water consumption and ensuring precise control over each crop’s needs. Additionally, the system features an IoT-based monitoring interface that provides real-time data visualization of soil moisture levels and irrigation status. This allows users to remotely track and manage the irrigation process, enhancing decision-making and system responsiveness for different environmental conditions. The results demonstrate significant water savings without compromising crop health, highlighting the potential of integrating hysteresis-based control with IoT technologies to promote sustainable agricultural practices and the efficient management of natural resources.