Implementación del sistema IOT en una incubadora artificial de huevos de gallina que permita el monitoreo y control de las variables de temperatura, humedad y ventilación para el aumento de la tasa de eclosión en la incubadora

Abstract

This project addresses the low hatchability rate in small-scale poultry farming by implementing an IoT-based automated system in an artificial chicken egg incubator. The system optimizes critical environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, and ventilation to improve hatchability rates. The primary goal is to develop an automated incubation system that enhances egg hatching rates through precise, real-time control of these parameters. Specific objectives include designing a real-time monitoring and control system, creating a mobile app for remote supervision, and validating the system through performance testing. This solution reduces reliance on manual methods, which are prone to errors and less precise in maintaining incubation conditions. The methodology is divided into four phases: research, design, software design, and implementation. Initially, an extensive analysis of existing incubator technologies was conducted to define the system’s technical and functional requirements. The system was designed using an ESP32 microcontroller, with sensor and actuator prototypes developed and a fuzzy logic control system implemented to regulate temperature and humidity. A mobile app was developed to facilitate remote monitoring and control of the incubator. Initial testing results show a significant improvement in parameter stability compared to previous incubator systems. The fuzzy logic system accurately maintains the temperature, humidity, and ventilation parameters, promoting better embryonic development. Additionally, real-time monitoring and automatic alerts for system failures contribute to more efficient and secure incubation management, allowing timely interventions when deviations happens. In conclusion, the project successfully demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed system, leading to improved hatch rates through precise, automated control of environmental variables. The implementation of this artificial incubator not only boosts productivity for small poultry farmers but also encourages the adoption of advanced technologies in the poultry industry. This approach has potential for replication and adaptation in other areas of poultry production, contributing to the sustainable development of the industry.