Fitorremediación de CD y PB en Batis Maritima mediante la inoculación de micorrizas arbusculares provenientes de tres zonas costeras

Abstract

Environmental pollution has increased affecting flora and fauna. Heavy metals, such as cadmium and lead, persist in soil and water bodies, especially along the Guayas coast, due to human activities such as mining and agriculture. Batis maritima, a halophytic plant, can absorb these metals, adapting to hostile conditions. Its symbiosis with AMF enhances its tolerance and phytoremediation capacity.The study was conducted in three coastal areas: beach Varadero (Data de Posorja), beach El Pelado (General Villamil Playas), and beach Paraíso (Engabao). Soil and vegetation samples were collected to analyze heavy metal concentrations using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and assess mycorrhizal colonization. The experimental design included three treatments with different Cd and Pb concentrations. The results show that AMF presence favors Batis maritima tolerance to heavy metals, with differences in bioaccumulation between roots and leaves. Spore density was moderate, and predominant mycorrhizal species were identified along with their impact on Cd and Pb absorption. It can be concluded that AMF inoculation improves Batis maritima phytoremediation capacity in contaminated soils and suggests further research to optimize its application in the remediation of disturbed soils.