Implementación de sistema de grabado láser para la fabricación en serie de productos

Abstract

This graduation project focuses on optimizing the laser engraving process in manufacturing through the implementation of an automated system inspired by Industry 4.0 technologies. Given that most commercial laser engraving systems are closed systems not designed to adapt to working in production lines alongside other machines, it is essential to develop solutions that allow flexible and efficient integration in modern manufacturing environments. A technical design is presented that integrates a laser engraving system with a conveyor belt, utilizing microcontrollers and PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers) to increase production efficiency and adaptability. Research and functionality tests of the communication protocols of a laser engraver based on Arduino were conducted. Following this study, the system was modified to transform it from an open-loop system to a closedloop system, thereby improving its integration and control in production environments. Additionally, the project aims to equip students from the Universidad Politécnica Salesiana with practical tools and essential knowledge to operate these systems. In this way, it seeks to prepare future professionals to face the challenges of intelligent manufacturing, promoting training that meets the current needs of the industrial sector.