Desarrollo de un prototipo de impresora tridimensional para el diseño de pasteles en la panadería “Canela”

Abstract

The objective of this thesis is to develop a prototype of a three-dimensional printer aimed at cake decoration using edible fluids suitable for continuous and precise extrusion. The main motivation lies in the need to innovate in the Ecuadorian pastry market, allowing a significant improvement in the precision and creativity in cake decoration. This technology is based on the use of 3D printers, a tool that has advanced greatly in recent years and offers the possibility of creating complex and customized designs that are difficult to achieve using traditional methods. The choice to use open-source software Marlin is based on its wide acceptance and ease of configuration within the 3D printing community. This software allows precise adjustments in printing parameters, such as extruder temperatures and printing speed, crucial aspects to ensure smooth and accurate printing. The printer's design incorporates an extrusion system based on a modified lobe pump, known for its ability to handle viscous materials like melted chocolate. The project development included an exhaustive phase of research and selection of suitable materials for the extruder. Duralumin was chosen for the extrusion chamber and bronze for the gears, due to their favorable thermal and mechanical properties. The implementation of the control system was carried out using a combination of Arduino Mega and the RAMPS 1.4 board, configuring the Marlin firmware to ensure optimal operation. Tests conducted on letter printing at different temperatures and material addition speeds validated the printer's design and functionality, demonstrating its ability to produce complex and customized decorations with an acceptable success rate. This project not only provides an innovative and efficient solution for the pastry industry but also opens new possibilities for creativity and customization in cake decoration.