Análisis del acuerdo comercial con la unión europea y su incidencia en los aranceles aplicados en los vehículos desde su aplicación hasta el año 2023

Abstract

The academic article "Análisis del Acuerdo Comercial con la Unión Europea y su Incidencia en los Aranceles Aplicados en los Vehículos desde su Aplicación hasta el Año 2023" aims to evaluate the impact of the 2017 commercial agreement between Ecuador and the European Union on Ecuador's foreign trade policies, specifically in terms of vehicle import duties and their influence on the automobilist sector's competitiveness. The study covers the period from the agreement's implementation to 2023, analyzing how these policies have affected Ecuador's international trade relations and its automobilist market. Since 2017, Ecuador has experienced a positive trade balance with the European Union, leading to increased imports of European vehicles. The gradual elimination of import duties, culminating in a 0% tariff in 2024, has made European vehicles more accessible to Ecuadorian consumers, increasing competitiveness in the automobilist market. The study also examined consumer satisfaction, revealing that Ecuadorians highly value the quality, safety, and technological performance of European vehicles. Most respondents expressed a positive intention to recommend these vehicles to friends and family. However, the high maintenance costs and repuestos were identified as concerns, suggesting the need to improve accessibility and availability of these services. The analysis of the FODA identified strengths such as high quality and technology of European vehicles, opportunities in increasing demand, and the possibility of expanding the post-war service network. Debilities included high maintenance costs and perceived depreciation compared to other generations' vehicles. Potential threats included the competitiveness of other countries' brands and economic fluctuations that could affect demand.The study concluded that the commercial agreement positively impacted the commercial balance and accessibility of European vehicles in Ecuador. The decrease in aranceles has fostered a more competitive and diverse market, benefiting both consumers and automotriz sector entrepreneurs. However, it is crucial to address maintenance costs and repuestos to improve the perception of value and sustainability. Recommendations include developing effective marketing strategies that highlight European vehicle quality and technology, strengthening the post-war service network, negotiating with suppliers to reduce repuesto costs, and promoting consumer education programs on fuel efficiency. Monitoring customer satisfaction and adapting strategies accordingly are also suggested.