Diseño e implementación de un dispositivo para rehabilitación post-fractura de muñeca controlado mediante una interfaz computarizada

Abstract

In this project, the development of a passive wrist rehabilitation device is presented, designed to offer specific routines for flexion and extension. Through an exhaustive study of the state of the art, the anatomical characteristics and key movements of the wrist joint were analyzed, as well as the assisted rehabilitation methods and devices currently in use. This analysis allowed us to define the essential requirements for the design of the device. SolidWorks software was used to digitally design and construct each component, rigorously verifying its functionality to ensure it accurately mimics the natural movements of the wrist. For construction, traditional machining techniques were combined with advanced prototyping methods, such as 3D printing. The parts were printed in PLA, a very resistant and biodegradable material. The device allows movements similar to those of the human wrist. Its structure was assembled and integrated with the necessary electronic components to automate the rehabilitation routines. The movement is driven by a high-torque servomotor, controlled by an ESP32 microcontroller. The collected data is visualized on a user interface on a computer, which was created using Node-RED. This interface allows controlling the device according to the desired configuration, offering real-time data and enabling rehabilitation tailored to the patient’s needs. To improve user comfort, the device includes sponges and adjustable Velcro fasteners according to the size of the wrist, ensuring a better fit and a more comfortable experience during use. This comprehensive approach ensures that patients can follow their rehabilitation routines autonomously and comfortably.