Manta térmica con control de temperatura para tratamiento de hipotermia perioperatoria en pacientes quemados

Abstract

The objective of this project is the development of a thermal blanket for the treatment of perioperative hypothermia in patients in burn units in hospitals and clinics. This system is based on the concepts of PID control, fuzzy logic and state variables. This proposed configuration allows the implementation of a robust and adaptable controller to the various situations that may arise in surgical wards. For the implementation of this prototype, there is a microcontroller capable of receiving signals from sensors in analog and digital form. Also, this device has pulse width modulation (PWM) outputs, this technique allows to regulate internal heating devices and therefore, according to the temperature by the user through the user interface consisting of push buttons and an LCD display. Finally, the heating blanket maintains the temperature constantly until it is manually reset or the time set by the user is over. Finally, a general controller was designed that includes internal PID controllers that share the same fuzzy logic for obtaining their variables 𝑘𝑝, 𝑘𝑑 and 𝑘𝑖. The modeling of the general control system is based on the concepts of followers and observers for the formation of its block diagrams. The fuzzy logic laws and the automatic tuning of the PID controller were performed by means of MATLAB calculations and simulations. The general driver was adapted to the final device in C language.