Diseño de un sistema de compensación reactiva para distribución con filtros armónicos

Abstract

The technical project prior to obtaining the title of electrical engineer, presents a heuristic methodology in which the IEEE 14 Bar system is used as the main base, referring to an isolated distribution system of an industry, this means that the industry only operates with generators and is not connected to an electrical network, in which problems of low power factors and the presence of harmonics appear due to the loads presented by the system. To achieve this, a reactive compensation design is sought with harmonic filters that allow the system to operate efficiently. Calculations are carried out which allow us to demonstrate which filters should be implemented, the optimal locations of the SVCs and their characteristics or parameters, in order to improve the voltage stability margin. It also seeks to demonstrate both the problems and the results obtained through the ETAP software, which will help us compare the system when it is in unstable and stable conditions. This methodology that is used can be applied to any distribution system that presents similar problems since through the applied equations the search times can be reduced to solve problems that can frequently occur in various distribution systems in industries. The results achieved show the improvement of the power factor, reduction of power losses in the lines, the attenuation of voltage disturbances and minimizing the presence of harmonics in the system. In this way, the voltage profiles are improved as well as their angles, the real power and the reactive power are redistributed in order to perfect the stability range of the voltage profiles.