“Determinación del caudal ecológico y calidad del agua, en la estación hidrográfica “San Pedro En Machachi H0159” perteneciente a la microcuenca del río San Pedro, mediante el método de Tennant en Rstudio, período 1995-2018”

Abstract

The San Pedro River microbasin is an effluent affected by domestic, industrial, agricultural and livestock activities, which cause a negative impact on freshwater ecosystems and the species that inhabit them, causing deterioration and affecting organisms. The Tennant approach using R Studio was used for the design of ecological flow; values were taken from 1995 to 2018. The main objective of the study is to analyze if the valid ecological flow is useful to guarantee the preservation of existing ecosystems in the San Pedro river, that is why a determination of water quality parameters is also made to observe if this river guarantees the preservation of aquatic life through a comparison with the environmental regulation TULSMA. First, a data collection is made identifying if there are missing data, if these are less than 10% and will be completed using the arithmetic mean method. After that, the average, maximum and minimum flows were obtained for station H0159, with the annual average the flood and low water (low water) periods will be obtained, and the 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 60% of the average flow will be determined. The valid ecological flow was determined using the minimum average flows, thus establishing that 10% is the minimum recommended to preserve the survival of most forms of aquatic life, validating Art. 411 of the Constitution of Ecuador. In the field work we used sampling techniques based on "INEN 2176", thus obtaining that the water quality is regular to maintain the aquatic flora and fauna, showing high levels of COD and BOD5, TSS and Turbidity.