“Horas - luz y temperatura en el desarrollo fenológico de dos cultivares de rosas de corte para exportación (Rosa hybrida L.) en el sector Tupigachi – Cantón Pedro Moncayo”

Abstract

In Ecuador, flower production has established itself in last decades as one of the largest non-oil production and export sectors. It is currently in fifth place among non-oil exports. Ecuador is currently the third largest flower exporter in the world, behind the Netherlands and Colombia, true flower growing powers. Therefore, the technification and use of tools to improve production processes will allow us to maintain or improve our productivity. The present research work was developed with the purpose of establishing a predictive methodology of growth in the productive stage and flowering of rose plants (Rosa hybrida L.) of the Explorer and Quicksand varieties. Daily accumulated light and degree-days (temperature) were evaluated as factors. The dependent variables measured were: stem lenght and days to the appearance of the phenological stages "rice" and "cut". Fifteen samples of each variety were assessed in each of two phenological periods: from pinch to “rice” point (period 1) and from “rice” point to harvest (period 2). The regression equations with the highest coefficients of determination were chosen for each variety and period, where x1 corresponds to accumulated daily light, and x2 to accumulated temperature. For the Explorer variety, period 1: y = -3.87 - 0.51(x1) + 0.11(x2) with R2 of 0.95; period 2: y = 1.80 + 0.25(x1) - 0.01(x2) with R2 of 0.97. Days to rice point emergence: 48 to 50; cut point emergence 37 to 42. For the variety Quicksand period 1: y = -1.04 - 0.06(x1) + 0.02(x2) with R2 of 0.98; period 2: y = 0.55 + 0.26(x1) - 0.01(x2) with R2 of 0.95. Days to the appearance of the rice point: 42 to 48; appearance of the cut-off point day 28 to 31.