Influencia del grado de madurez, altitud y portainjerto sobre los compuestos bioactivos y actividad antioxidante de tomate de árbol, ecotipo 'anaranjado gigante' y 'morado gigante' en dos temporadas de estudio

Abstract

Tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.) in Ecuador is a basic fruit for the peasant economy, but in recent years there has been interest from international markets. For this reason, the objective of this study was to identify the influence of maturity, altitude and rootstock on the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of tree tomato, ecotype 'giant orange' and 'giant purple' in two study seasons. Freeze-dried samples from the province of Tungurahua, canton Pelileo were used to determine the antioxidant activity by DPPH and for the concentration of phenolic compounds, both methods using a spectrophotometer with a microplate reader. The results showed that phenolic compounds in the first season reported the highest concentrations compared to the second season. Thus, the maturity index in the giant purple ecotype in the two seasons of study in IM3 (1106.34 mg EAG/g and 228.50 mg EAG/g, respectively) in graft and IM2 in control (1159.2 mg EAG/g and 249.9 mg EAG/g, respectively) reported the highest values, in turn, in the giant yellow ecotype in the two study seasons in IM1 in graft (1081.9 mg EAG/g and 210.7 mg EAG/g, respectively) and IM2 in control (1034.9 mg EAG/g and 236.41 mg EAF/g, respectively). In addition, the concentration of antioxidant activity in the two seasons was similar. The highest amount was obtained in the giant purple grafted ecotype at maturity index IM3 in the two study seasons, while in the giant orange grafted ecotype at maturity index IM2 in the two study seasons.