Análisis técnico económico de estructuras para edificaciones sismo resistentes en hormigón vs acero de dos a diez pisos de altura

Abstract

Currently, buildings are constructed for various occupational activities using both reinforced concrete and steel, as these materials are the most commonly used in the construction industry. A cost-benefit analysis is necessary to indicate the positive and negative profitability of using these two materials. In this present study, eight structures of varying heights designed for residential purposes are proposed. These structures will be assessed in accordance with the Ecuadorian Building Regulations (NEC-SE-DS) (NEC-SE-AC) (NEC-SE-HM) and through a mathematical model using the software ETABS and SAFE. This serves as the focal point of analysis to evaluate the seismic resistance capacity of both materials based on their performance at different heights. The economic analysis is based on estimating specific costs of materials and labor for the construction of structural elements in concrete and steel, quantifying the work volumes of the structures. This allows for establishing appropriate criteria, considering the assumed geometry's characteristics, and conducting a comparative analysis using the Net Present Value (NPV) and the Internal Rate of Return (IRR), which enabled establishing criteria for economic assessment. The results of this study provide valuable information regarding which of the two materials, concrete or steel, is more cost-effective for buildings of varying heights and how they perform in terms of seismic resistance. This analysis contributes as a guide to knowledge in the field of structural engineering and offers guidance to both professionals and informal stakeholders in construction material selection, considering budget constraints and the specific seismic requirements of each project.