Bioconversión de desechos vegetales de mercados pertenecientes a la red municipal de guayaquil mediante la sinergia de la mosca soldado-negra (Hermetia illucens) y la lombriz californiana (Eisenia foetida)

Abstract

Bioconversion of organic waste is an increasingly relevant process nowadays due to the need to find more sustainable and environmentally friendly ways to treat waste that pollutes the soil and air. One of the techniques to avoid this pollution is novel and promising, since the degradation of waste is carried out by the combination of the larval stage of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) BSF and the Californian earthworm (Eisenia foetida). In this study carried out with vegetable waste produced in three markets in the city of Guayaquil in Ecuador, the synergy of these two species in the bioconversion of the waste was evaluated. The average weight of BSF fly larvae and Californian earthworms was 25 and 10 g, respectively. The final pH of the substrate studied was alkaline and the humidity was high. The values obtained were: for the bioconversion rate of this 23.11 %, for survival 100 % and multiplication 131.25 %, in different studies where each organism is evaluated separately, higher values were obtained. The interaction between these organisms was effective for the biological degradation of wastes in high quality organic fertilizers, reducing the substrate up to 95.08 %. Even, the protein content between both species was 51.46 %. Therefore, as mentioned above, it is a promising and sustainable alternative due to the high protein content of these organisms, which can result in applications in industrial, urban and rural contexts, offering an eco-friendly solution to the management of solid waste of organic origin in different environments.