Caracterización de especies Ruderales Hiperacumuladoras de CD y PB presentes en el suelo adyacente al Campus María Auxiliadora de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Guayaquil, Ecuador

Abstract

This thesis focuses on the study and characterization of the different ruderal species that hyperaccumulate heavy metals and the composition of the soil adjacent to the María Auxiliadora campus of the Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Guayaquil, Ecuador. The study area with an extension of 500 x 15 m, was divided into eight transects, using a diameter of 2 x 5 m; from there, ruderal species with different characteristics were collected, and for soil sampling, sampling subunits of 1m ^2 x 1m ^2 were established. A total of 56 ruderal species were herborized, based on this information, the three most representative species were chosen: Distimake aegyptius, Bidens bipinnata and Chenchrus echinatus, from which leaf, root and soil samples were also taken, to establish values of translocation factor and bioconcentration. Germination percentage and mortality rate were calculated, 100 seeds of each species were collected and sown in three foam flex seedbeds, 220 cavities, 57 mm (length) x 668 mm (length) x 342 mm (width). Inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP-OES) was used to determine the concentration of Cd and Pb in the different parts of the plants and in the surrounding soil.