Separación, aislamiento y evaluación de actividad biológica de isómeros cis y trans citral de aceite esencial de hierba luisa Cymbopogon citratus

Abstract

The objective of the research carried out was to evaluate the biological activity of lemon verbena (Cymbopogon citratus) through its essential oils (AEs), as well as its separate isomers, these tests included antioxidant and antimicrobial activity against the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens, which causes various infections in the human being. human, reason for which its components were evaluated separately allowing to determine the IC50 for each type of oil (leaves and pods) obtained by hydrodistillation. These oils were subjected to organoleptic and physical-chemical tests, to determine the chemical composition, gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used, allowing different concentrations of geraniol to be found for each oil (45.72% of leaves and 23. 48% for pods), geranial (19.39% in leaves and 31.99% in pods) and neral (14.02% in leaves and 21.64 in pods), allowing to determine through statistical tests that these oils have different activities , so that in the antioxidant tests by DPPH and ABTS it was obtained as a result that the EO from leaves presents better effectiveness; while for the antibacterial test, the Duncan test denotes a statistical difference, with pod AE being more effective, on the other hand, and for this same test, the isomers of fraction 2-5 presented better results in the MIC. The essential oils of both leaves and pods indicate interesting biological responses in relation to the chemical composition they present, allowing them to be used for different purposes, especially medicinal ones.