Elaboración de un plan de manejo ambiental para la conservación de la microcuenca de la quebrada Cumbiteo, parroquia Aloasí, cantón Mejía, provincia de Pichincha

Abstract

The present experimental study is focused on proposing an Environmental Management Plan for the hydrographic watershed formed in the Cumbiteo stream, located in the Aloasi town, in the Mejia canton. The applied methodologies consisted of the physicochemical analysis of water and soil, the collection of primary information through surveys carried out on the residents of the Umbria zone, the collection of secondary information through bibliographic reviews, and the use of ArcGis 10.8 software for the delimitation of the watershed hydrographic analysis and the analysis of factors such as the vegetation cover of the study area. A composite sampling of water and soil was carried out in the high, medium, and low areas, it lasted seven days, the water quality parameters evaluated were: dissolved oxygen, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Demand Oxygen biochemistry (BOD), total dissolved solids, fecal coliforms, turbidity, phosphates, and nitrates, which presented values within the limit established by environmental regulations. The Environmental Impact Study was carried out using a Leopold matrix, in which activities such as agriculture, livestock, waste generation, wastewater discharge, forest felling, and camping were considered; the activities with the greatest degree of affectation were the discharge wastewater with a value of 66% and the cutting down of vegetation cover with a value of 64%. The Environmental Management Plan proposed for the management of the Cumbiteo stream hydrographic watershed has considered those alternatives that are sustainable in the short and long term, mainly water and soil resources.