Diseño de un sistema de distribución de agua agrícola en las comunidades La Dolorosa y El Panecillo, Tungurahua para mejorar la eficiencia del uso del recurso hídrico

Abstract

Peasant family farming under conventional irrigation shows problems that affect low agricultural profitability. This research presents the design of an agricultural water distribution system in the communities of La Dolorosa and El Panecillo to improve the efficiency of water resource use based on social, economic, and environmental considerations. This change is possible through the proper evaluation of the current agricultural water distribution system and optimal technical irrigation design. The results show 45.50 net ha of irrigation divided into 88 lots with the right to use water. Soil and water quality are suitable for agricultural development. The agronomic design determined a water requirement of 1.96 mm per day, this need will be satisfied through one hour of irrigation every 7 days by means of a sprinkler with a flow of 0.5 l / s. The operation of the irrigation system will be 12 hours a day and 12 hours of storage, under a distribution of 4 sectors with an average flow of 7.3 l / s and pressures in each hydrant of 30 to 45 m.c.a. The implementation of the project under these considerations will generate an IRR of 26.83%, NPV of $327.283 and a benefit/cost ratio of $1.81. In order to achieve an adequate management of the water resource, the proper management of solid waste was considered within the environmental component. For the social component, socio-organizational strengthening was considered and for the social component, the implementation of an irrigation tariff and the approach for the administration, operation and maintenance of the irrigation system are proposed. Finally, the study reveals that, by optimizing the management of water resources through the collective technification of irrigation, it can show increases in agricultural production and consequently provide socioeconomic benefits to farmers