Análisis del sistema de bandas en el precio de los combustibles y su impacto en el presupuesto general del estado período 2018-2021

Abstract

The price of fuels fluctuates worldwide depending on variations in the oil market, countries like Ecuador have established policies around these in order to control their impact on the economic performance of the nation and on citizens in general. This study describes how the fuel price band system has an impact on the general state budget for the 2018-2021 period. The development of the investigation was based on a rigorous process of documentary review, reports from State entities and investigations carried out on the subject. Among the main findings was that the oil balance in Ecuador has had a variable trend, with periods in which production has decreased, for which it has been necessary to resort to the international market, increasing spending on fuels to meet internal demand , and even after the pandemic, specifically in 2021, 90,730 thousand barrels of derivatives were imported. This brought an increase in budget expenditures on fuel subsidy, it was 1,900.4 million USD, equivalent to 34.77% of the amount allocated to various subsidies. It is concluded based on the results that the incidence of price bands in the budget in the state budget is significant, especially in the post-pandemic period, since it was necessary for the State to establish extemporaneous measures for the recovery of the country. The base and ceiling of the price of gasoline helped in the most critical times that it was sold at the minimum of the established band and in stages of high prices allowed the level of expenses of the budget to be lower than it would have been if the band did not exist.