Diseño de una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales ubicado en la parroquia Chugchilán, provincia de Cotopaxi

Abstract

The following research work aims to design a wastewater treatment plant using the activated sludge method for the effluent from the population of the Chugchilán parish, as it is domestic wastewater. To perform the sampling, the APHA method "Standard Methods for examination of water and wastewater" and the Ecuadorian technical standard were used as reference: NTE INEN 2169:2013 and NTE INEN 2176:2013, by obtaining the quality parameters at laboratory scale with the sludge, it was aerated for 24 hours to ensure that the system maintains aerobic during the test. The initial COD parameter was 352 mg/L and was lowered to 76 mg/L, and subsequently the results obtained were compared with the maximum permissible limits of Ministerial Agreement No. 097-A. To determine whether the proposed treatment is adequate for this effluent, the biodegradability index was determined and an average index of 0.46 was obtained, which indicates that biological treatment using activated sludge is appropriate for this type of effluent. After obtaining the results both in the field and laboratory phase, and with the help of certain theoretical parameters as bibliographic support, in terms of flow and future population, we proceeded with the calculations for the sizing of each of the units and design of the treatment plant with the help of the AutoCAD program. At the end of this work, design plans were obtained for its construction, consisting of: screen, primary settling tank, grease trap, secondary settling tank, aeration system, chlorination tank and drying bed. Finally, an economic, technical and social analysis was carried out.