Análisis de riesgo sísmico en el barrio Solanda, sector 4, del cantón Quito, provincia de Pichincha

Abstract

Quito, the capital of Ecuador, is a city with a high level of seismic risk and has been affected by major earthquakes throughout history, highlighting the vulnerability to which it is exposed. Much of the southern part of the city and its peripheries have experienced informal settlements in recent decades. These settlements have occurred on soils of terrible quality for construction, such as landfills in the case of the Solanda Parish. Vulnerability is exacerbated by the fact that people often build on active geological faults, the poor combination of materials in informal buildings, the marginality of human groups, poverty, and the lack of control by the Municipality of Quito, among others. Sector 4 of the Solanda neighborhood is the place where the present study was developed and since it is not possible to evaluate the impact of past earthquakes in the sector, it is of vital importance to carry out a seismic risk analysis to determine the degree of natural risk of the sector. In this sense, this degree work is presented as a correlational and social research, since it includes the analysis of the seismic risk, measuring the threat of soil subsidence and the seismic threat by global vulnerability, from a representative sample of 77 houses, using the sampling method. As a result, it became evident that the aforementioned sector has a high level of seismic risk, with a percentage value of 60.94 %, plotted on thermal maps that help to visually perceive the reality currently experienced in this sector of Solanda.