Evaluación de la generación y manejo de desechos sanitarios generados del 2016 al 2020, en seis establecimientos de salud del DMQ

Abstract

In the present investigation, the generation and management of sanitary waste (biological-infectious, sharps - anatomopathological) was evaluated in six health establishments of the Zonal Coordination 9 from DMQ, from 2016 to 2019; and in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020; A statistical study was carried out using the CHI-CUADRADO method that was carried out from databases provided by the MSP Central Plant, in order to evaluate if there are a dependency between health establishments and their generation of sanitary waste. It was determined that the Eugenio Espejo Specialty Hospital was the largest generator of sanitary waste with 26.89% and the Luz Elena Arismendy-Nueva Aurora Hospital was the lowest with 7.28% in the years of study. The average PPC that were presented in these health establishments was 0.58 kg/bed.day, a figure that exceeds the daily averages PPC even in developed countries, according to the OMS statement. The annual average of the specific volume of the six health establishments was 115 228.44 kg/m3 , this volume increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic, presenting flaws in the management system, for which a Comprehensive Management Plan for Sanitary Waste to provide an improvement within the sanitary waste management system applied to the six health establishments, focusing on the management of sanitary waste from COVID-19 areas. Visits were made to health establishments where surveys and interviews were carried out with health personnel and service personnel, to know how sanitary waste has been managed in the years of study and different initial, intermediate and final storage areas of sanitary waste and waste from areas with COVID-19 were visited. Environmental managers (Gadere, Hazwat, Incinerox) were visited to learn about the processes and techniques of final disposal that they handle within the guidelines of the Health and Environmental Regulations in force.