Diseño estructural y comparación técnica de un edificio de tres niveles, con la evaluación de dos sistemas constructivos: madera estructural y estructura metálica, en el sector de Quitumbe, cantón Quito, provincia Pichincha

Abstract

The purpose of this research is the technical-economic analysis of the importance of implementing new materials in housing construction, such as structural steel and laminated wood, as alternatives to the most used material that is reinforced concrete. The design of the structural elements is carried out based on the results of shear, momentum and axial loads obtained from the SAP 2000 structural software, which are used as input data in the pre-design, and verification spreadsheets. To make the structural models in the different materials is based on the architectural distribution of the study building, which is made up of three stories and the bleacher cover, in addition to using seismic microzoning records of the city of Quito, to define the stratigraphic profile with which we work both for both models and seismic verifications. Once the final sections have been determined, the analysis is carried out, carrying out each of the checks that arise from both national and foreign regulations. We proceed with the technical comparison in which the results obtained from each structure are presented and the material that has a better behavior against gravitational and lateral loads such as the earthquake is also detailed. After checking each of the designed sections, the amounts of work and the evaluation of the costs of each alternative are obtained, considering only the calculation based on the structural elements, that is, beams, joists, columns, elements that make up the slab and the bracing required for each model. We proceed with the economic comparison which includes the costs of reinforced concrete, which are determined according to the volumes of work of the pre existing design and finally the alternative with greater economic advantages is presented in contrast to the other two materials.